IMPACT OF DIGITAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES ON TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE CULTURAL SPHERE

Abstract

The purpose of the article: using the example of the NUART website (a digitized «Ukrainian series» of Banksy’s graffiti from 2022), to analyze digitization, which is a set of digital IT, as a means of archiving historical and cultural heritage; to determine the cultural significance of the use of such digital IT in the cultural sphere by identifying their impacts on the transformation of the artistic space and on the maintenance of historical/cultural memory. Methodology: the study is based on a comprehensive culturological approach, which includes: general scientific tools of system thinking, analysis of scientific literature and empirical cases of the introduction of digital technologies in the field of culture; hermeneutic procedures within the framework of poetics and phenomenology of culture; culturological reflection on IT influences on the artistic space and historical/cultural memory. Scientific novelty: the cultural significance of digital visualizations (in fact, digital archiving) of the «Ukrainian series» of Banksy’s graffiti of 2022 on the NUART website has been revealed – in terms of influencing the transformation of the art space and in terms of understanding the poetics of the famous street artist’s work; theoretically substantiated the feasibility of using the digitization of cultural heritage to maintain and restore historical/cultural memory. Conclusions: as a result of the placement of digital copies of works of art, in particular, visual, on the Internet, transformations of the art space take place: the rules of interconnection and interaction «author/work – cultural institution – audience (consumer(s)» are changing along with the «quality» of each of the elements, due to which, as shown by the example of the digitalization of the murals of the «Ukrainian series» by Banksy on the NUART website, new additional nuances of perception and understanding of the style, symbols and the author’s chronotope by the virtual audience arise. Digitalization of historical and cultural heritage cannot become an alternative to social networks in directing personal choices, socio-cultural preferences and significant meanings (value meanings) during the formation/ correction of cultural identity, but can positively (since blockchain systems guarantee the transparency and immutability of digital records) affect the forms of collective memory and, through this, cultural identity.